Historical Research On Two Problems - 2479 Words

ï ¿ ¼Historical Research on Two Problems Ebola Epidemic Problem The ebola virus is a very serious illness which commonly leads to death without the proper medical intervention and treatment. The virus’s first outbreak occurred in the 1970’s which caused a huge number of deaths across nations such as The Democratic Republic of Congo and Sudan. Recently, the virus has again resurfaced in Western Africa and is reported to be the next big pandemic to infect and torment the worlds population, similar to panic caused by SARS viral disease roughly ten years earlier. This most recent outbreak of Ebola is even more complex and much larger than its predecessor where cases have spread to a number of different countries across land in other places in the African continent and also by air travel into other continents. The diagnosis of the first ebola patient in North America, more specifically in Texas, USA, has created a state of panic amongst the population around America and especially to those living close to the infected individual. People around the world are fearing this exotic virus with extreme caution compared to other mundane germs and illnesses which pose a much more significant threat to the lives of the average American such as the influenza virus. Another oversight from the more developed world compared with many countries situated in Africa is the point of view to separate themselves from the problem by not allowing travel of people between possibly infected nations and theirShow MoreRelatedThe Major Problems of Historical Research1525 Words   |  7 PagesThe Major Problems of Historical Research By Adeyemi Balogun Sharapha In the conduct of historical research, the research student faces many problems which include choice of topic, funding, language barriers, source problems to mention but a few. The first problem which a historical researcher might face is that of choosing topic. It is a common phenomenon especially for a young researcher to jump at an attractive topic without knowing the rigors involved in researchingRead MoreHistorical Process1214 Words   |  6 PagesUnit: The Historical Process This Unit Activity will help you meet these educational goals: Inquiry Skills—You will apply disciplinary concepts and tools; analyze societal issues, trends, and events; develop credible explanations of historical events and developments based on reasoned interpretation of evidence; gather, evaluate, and use evidence; and communicate your conclusions. 21st Century Skills—You will employ online tools for research and analysis, use critical-thinking and problem-solving skillsRead MoreThe Impact Of Fair Value Accounting On Real Estate Companies1497 Words   |  6 PagesBachelor of Business Administration (Honours) Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong January 2016 Table of Content Introduction Statement of the Problems Literature Review Objective of the Study Statement of Hypotheses Methodology Action Plan 1. Introduction Fair value accounting and historical cost accounting are two wildly used accounting traditions. Since they measure value in different ways, they have different impacts on company s accounts. As more and more companiesRead MoreThe Problem of Racial Discrimination1578 Words   |  6 Pagesresponsibility. To fully understand what is happening requires: examining the historical foundations of racism, how it is defined by society, the different social categories, how society has changed, recommending two ideas for improving an individuals social situation and the methods of sociological research that can be applied to these recommendations. Together, these different elements will provide the greatest insights as to the historical foundations of racism, how it is evolving and what strategies an individualRead MoreThe Social Problem Of Voting Rights1668 Words   |  7 PagesThe social problem: What is the social problem you will examine? The research will examine voting rights in relation to voting right inequalities and the society’s effort to have an all minority groups included in the civic process. The research will look into several historical factors that contributed to voting rights inequalities and how the society has evolved to solve issues related to the right to vote. History of problem and policy: when did the problem first emerge historically? What historicalRead MoreThe Polio Years : A Long Period Of Captivity Essay1118 Words   |  5 Pageshow to prevent it, why did some become crippled, why did some die, and why did it only essentially affected children made polio very terrifying in the 20th century. Texas appeared to have been hit the hardest in comparison to other states. Wooten’s research examined the time during and then after World War II. During this period, Texas saw an immense amount of polio contractions. Per Wooten the reason can be attributed largely to the significant change in demographics. Industrialization became a largeRead MoreHow The Family Is Problematic From The Historical Perspective1606 Words   |  7 PagesExplain and discuss why the definition of the family is problematic from the historical perspective. The family form I am going to be defining is the nuclear and with reference to the historical perspective I will attempt to explain why this definition is problematic. Within this discussion I will also explore whether the nuclear family is a natural family form or whether it is a socially constructed one. According to Munice et al (1995; 10) the nuclear family is a â€Å"small unit produced from the conjugalRead MoreEssay on events of apush1186 Words   |  5 PagesUnit The Historical Process This Unit Activity will help you meet these educational goals Inquiry SkillsYou will apply disciplinary concepts and tools analyze societal issues, trends, and events develop credible explanations of historical events and developments based on reasoned interpretation of evidence gather, evaluate, and use evidence and communicate your conclusions. 21st Century SkillsYou will employ online tools for research and analysis, use critical-thinking and problem-solving skillsRead MoreCriminology Assi gnment1456 Words   |  6 Pagesno matter what country that individual is in. 2. According to the module, the problem of the relativity of crime refers to the fact that criminologists recognize that crime is an inherently relative concept. The problem of the relativity of crime is often shown in the fact that the specific kinds of behaviours that are defined as criminal often vary over time and across different cultures. I refer to the historical example in the module where Gwynn Nettler provides an example of the way in whichRead More Criminology Essay1411 Words   |  6 Pagesmatter what country that individual is in. 2.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  According to the module, the problem of the relativity of crime refers to the fact that criminologists recognize that crime is an inherently relative concept. The problem of the relativity of crime is often shown in the fact that the specific kinds of behaviours that are defined as criminal often vary over time and across different cultures. I refer to the historical example in the module where Gwynn Nettler provides an example of the way in which

The University Of Alabama Faculty Jazz - 887 Words

The University of Alabama Faculty Jazz Band along with guest player, Bill Peterson the jazz pianist, made up a chamber ensemble and performed beautiful and upbeat jazz music. The faculty members include Tom Wolfe, the guitarist, Chris Kozak, the bass player, and Mark Lanter, the drummer. The entire concert was played in a major key and had nothing but positive energy. The pieces and players were extremely creative and they managed to tell a story and create beautiful imageries through the changing sounds, rhythms, melodies, keys and texture. The first part of the jazz concert had three sections. The first section began subito (abruptly) with everyone playing in sync and the guitarist as the main player. He played with a vivacious tempo,†¦show more content†¦As we moved further along, the bass player, Chris Kozak took over. He slowly emerges from the silence as he carefully tapped the cymbals. The dynamic remained piano as the tempo gradually gets faster (accelerando). This heightened the tension before they all began to play together at 12:26 and returned to the initial mezzo forte dynamic of the piece. Towards the end, a characteristic of African music was highlighted where they performed a series of call and response. It was thrilling to hear this. My favorite part of the concert was the second part. The group played a song called â€Å"Body and Soul.† The guitarist played slowly before the others joined. They created a relaxed atmosphere with an old-school effect. All the notes were legato except the melodies of the drum which was staccato. The combination added character to the piece and made it entertaining. At 19:00, the pianist played briskly but beautifully, then the guitarist did the same. The notes became high pitched and the tempo and dynamics increased. After the guitar stopped, everything went into decrescendo and the melodies from the bass and drums became choppy (staccato). Overall the piece surrounded the theme of dependence and how it affects one’s happiness or strength. The piano and the guitar brought the happy aspect to the piece and without it, everything weakened and became uncoordinated. Initially it celebrated peace,Show MoreRelatedHuntingdon College. Huntingdon College Has A Tiny Campus1017 Words   |  5 Pagesthree acres in a pleasant neighborhood of Montgomery, Alabama. The campus is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Around 1,100 students attend the traditional day and adult evening degree completion programs. Students from almost every county in the state attend Huntingdon College. Huntingdon College is consistently listed among the top best colleges in the region. They are a member of the Tree Campus USA program. The student to faculty ratio is 14 to one and the average class size isRead MoreLangston Hughes Research Paper25309 Words   |  102 Pagesmarried Charles Langston, the son of a white plantation owner and a slave. In 1888, Mary and Charles Langston moved to Lawrence with their children, Carrie and Nathaniel. (Nathaniel was later killed in a mill accident.) They bought a house near Kansas University and opened a grocery store. Everyone in Lawrence respected Charles Langston, but he was not a good business man. When he died in 1892, he left Mary Langston nothing but a pair of gold earrings and a mortgaged house. Although Lawrence was foundedRead MoreCharacter Analysis of Helga Crane in Nella Larsen ´s Quicksand2961 Words   |  12 Pagesinappropriate behavior. The Shiloh Baptist Church in Washington, D.C., required individuals caught dancing and drinking to come before a church court. The black elite also attacked jazz, perhaps the most significant contribution to American culture at the time. Echoing the thoughts of Helga Crane in the cabaret, they said going to jazz halls amounted to a voluntary return to the jungle. Black women were no longer free to enjoy themselves without judgment. They became, like Helga, psychologically incompleteRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesand Expanded Edition E SSAYS ON _ T WENTIETH- C ENTURY H ISTORY Edited by Michael Adas for the American Historical Association TEMPLE UNIVERSITY PRESS PHILADELPHIA Temple University Press 1601 North Broad Street Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122 www.temple.edu/tempress Copyright  © 2010 by Temple University All rights reserved Published 2010 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Essays on twentieth century history / edited by Michael Peter Adas forRead MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 PagesThis page intentionally left blank International Management Culture, Strategy, and Behavior Eighth Edition Fred Luthans University of Nebraska–Lincoln Jonathan P. Doh Villanova University INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT: CULTURE, STRATEGY, AND BEHAVIOR, EIGHTH EDITION Published by McGraw-Hill, a business unit of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020. Copyright  © 2012 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Previous editions  © 2009Read MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 PagesApproach with Spreadsheets, Fourth Edition Stevenson and Ozgur, Introduction to Management Science with Spreadsheets, First Edition Project Management The Managerial Process Fifth Edition Erik W. Larson Oregon State University Clifford F. Gray Oregon State University PROJECT MANAGEMENT: THE MANAGERIAL PROCESS Published by McGraw-Hill/Irwin, a business unit of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY, 10020. Copyright  © 2011 by The McGraw-Hill Companies

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Demand Estimation Essay - 925 Words

Demand Estimation Dhruvang kansara Eco 550, Assignment 1 Professor: Dr, Guerman Kornilov January 27, 2014 1. Compute the elasticity for each independent variable. Note: Write down all of your calculations. According to our Textbooks and given information, When P = 8000, A = 64, PX = 9000, I = 5000, we can use regression equation, QD = 20000 - 10*8000 + 1500*64 + 5*9000 + 10*5000 = 131,000 Price elasticity = (P/Q)*(dQ/dP) From regression equation, dQ/dP = -10. So, price elasticity EP= (P/Q) * (-10) = (-10) * (8000 / 131000) = -0.61 Similarly, EA = 1500 * 64 / 131000 = 0.73 EPX = 5 * 9000 / 131000 = 0.34 EI = 10* 5000 / 131000 = 0.38 2. Determine the implications for each of the†¦show more content†¦Therefore, quantity demanded is relatively inelastic to all factors considered. So, company shouldn’t worry much about these factors. 3. Recommend whether you believe that this firm should or should not cut its price to increase its market share. Provide support for your recommendation. A price cut would increase quantity demanded, as the price elasticity is negative. But, magnitude of elasticity is a less than unity. Revenue is maximized when the magnitude of elasticity is one. Therefore, a price-cut will increase quantity demanded but will lead to a loss of sales. So, price-cut should be made only if firm is trying to strengthen its consumer base; from profit perspective, it should instead raise the price. 4. Assume that all the factors affecting demand in this model remain the same, but that the price has changed. Further assume that the price changes are 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 cents. 1. Plot the demand curve for the firm. Deriving the formula from textbook we can keep other factors constant, demand equation is Q = 20000 - 10*8000 + 1500*64 + 5*9000 + 10*5000 Q = 211000 - 10P P = 21100 - 0.1Q (plotted below) 2. Plot the corresponding supply curve on the same graph using the supply function Q = 5200 + 45P with the same prices. Q = 5200 + 45P P = -5200/45 + Q/45 3. Determine the equilibrium price and quantity. According article and explanation of formula, solving demand and supply equation simultaneously, 211000 - 10P = 5200 + 45PShow MoreRelatedAn Assignment On Demand Estimation1242 Words   |  5 PagesAssignment 1: Demand Estimation Brian McGee ECO550 Managerial Economics and Globalization Dr. Rolle Jan. 16, 2015 Compute the elasticities for each independent variable QD = -5200-(42*500)+(20*600)+(5.2*5500)+(0.2*10000)+(0.25*5000) QD = -5200 - 21000 + 12000 + 28600 + 2000 + 1250 QD = 17650 Price elasticity (EP)= EP = -1.19 (1.19) Formula: EP = -42*500/17650 Competitor price elasticity (EPX)= 0.68 Formula: EPX = 20*600/17650 Income elasticity (EI)= 1.62 Formula: EI = 5.2*5500/17650Read MoreEco Demand Estimation2642 Words   |  11 PagesImagine that you work for the maker of a leading brand of low-calorie, frozen microwavable food that estimates the following demand equation for its product using data from 26 supermarkets around the country for the month of April. 1. Compute the elasticities for each independent variable. Option 1 Your supervisor has asked you to compute the elasticities for each independent variable. Assume the following values for the independent variables: Q  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   =  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Quantity demanded of 3-packRead MoreDemand and Supply Estimation Essay1208 Words   |  5 PagesHeading: Demand and Supply Estimations Assignment 1: Demand and Supply Estimation Varney Momo Bafalie Dr. Emmanuel Obi Managerial Economics and Globalization April 26, 2014 References Managerial Economics: Applications, Strategies and Tactics, Mcguigan/Moyer/Harris 13th Edition, 2014 Imagine that you work for the maker of a leading brand of low-calorie, frozen microwavable food that estimates the following demand equation for their product using data from 26 supermarkets aroundRead MoreDemand Estimation : Computation Of Elasticities1756 Words   |  8 Pages Demand Estimation Name Institution Demand Estimation Computation of Elasticities With the following regression equation, we can compute the elasticities of demand with respect to each independent variable as follows: QD = -3,750 - 100P + 25A + 50PX + 8Y (5,234) (2.29) (525) (1.75) (1.5) R2 = 0.90 n = 26 F = 35.25 Price Elasticity of Demand (PED) Price elasticity of demand is given by the formula PED= ΔQD/ΔP.P/QD. Given a regressionRead MoreDemand Estimation, Assignment 11523 Words   |  7 Pages Demand Estimation, Assignment 1 Lavinia Daye Dr. Youngblood ECO 550 January 26, 2015 For assignment one, we were asked to compute the elasticity for each independent variable. The formula for this is: The QD = - 5200 - 42P + 20PX + 5.2I + .20A + .25M Where p = 500 cents = 5 dollars Px = 600 cents = 6 dollars I = 5,500 dollars M = 5,000 A = 10,000 Therefore Qd = {- 5200 – 42 *500 +20*600 + 5.2 *5500 + 0.2 *10,000 + 0.25 * 5,000} Qd = 17,650 units Own Price elasticityRead MoreDemand Estimation for Britannia Biscuit Industry3306 Words   |  14 PagesDemand Estimation for Britannia Biscuit Industry 1.Introduction: Our objective was to study the demand variation of Britannia Biscuits in India with respect to certain variables like, Price, Price of the substitute (Parle Biscuits), Income of Consumer and Population. To achieve this we assume all other factors like Tastes of Consumer, Advertising etc are constant. The biscuit industry is taken as a whole without differentiating between various segmented brands. To arrive at the demand function ofRead MoreDemand Estimation5612 Words   |  23 PagesTUTORIAL 1: DEMAND THEORY 1a) The demand curve for haircuts at Terry Bernard’s Hair Design is P = 15 – 0.15Q where Q is the number of cuts per week and P is the price of a haircut. Terry is considering raising her price above the current price of RM9. Terry is unwilling to raise price of the price hike will cause revenue to fall. Should Terry raise the price of haircuts above RM9? Why or why not? b) Terry is trying to decide on the number of people to employ based on the followingRead MoreDemand Estimation Has Been At The Heart Of Many Studies1143 Words   |  5 Pages Literature Review Demand estimation has been at the heart of many studies that focus on questions regarding market power, merger and acquisition, research and innovation and valuation of new brands in differentiated-products industries. Under the framework of demand estimation, Bresnahan (1987) constructs equilibrium models of oligopoly under product differentiation and studies the competition and collusion in the 1995 price war in the American automobile industry. Gasmi, Laffont and Vuong (1992)Read MoreEconomics/ Demand Estimation2473 Words   |  10 PagesAssignment Demand Estimation 04-Dec-12 Liaqat Group Submitted To: Prof. Babar Hussain What Is Demand Estimation? When running a small business, it is important to have an idea of what you should expect in the way of sales. To estimate how many sales a company will make, demand estimation is a process that is commonly used. With demand estimation, a company can gauge how much to produce and make other important decisions. Definition: Demand estimation is a processRead MoreDemand Estimation Forecasting9472 Words   |  38 PagesUNIT 6 DEMAND ESTIMATION AND FORECASTING Objectives By studying this unit, you should be able to: identify a wide range of demand estimation and forecasting methods; apply these methods and to understand the meaning of the results; understand the nature of a demand function; identify the strengths and weaknesses of the different methods; understand that demand estimation and forecasting is about minimising risk. Structure 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 Introduction Estimating Demand Using

Microsoft’s Management Planning Free Essays

Microsoft’s Management Planning Paper Within this paper Microsoft’s organization will be assessed with the planning functions of management. Along with a brief analysis of Microsoft’s history and the impact that legal issues, ethics and corporate social responsibility have on the planning functions of management. It will also analyze the factors that influence the Microsoft’s strategic, operational, and contingency planning. We will write a custom essay sample on Microsoft’s Management Planning or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Microsoft corporation is one of the most prevalent and powerful companies in the private computer business. Established in 1975 by Paul Allen and Bill Gates, Microsoft has the strongest presence in just about all areas of computer software, from applications to programming tools. Bill Gates wanted to create a healthy, productive work environment that maintained its employees values and commitment of excellence. In building a corporation based on the principles of diversity and respect of one another’s individuality, Bill wanted to bring in the right people to manage his corporation that had the same common goals to achieve the main goal of having a thriving corporation. Planning is important at all levels of management within Microsoft. However, its distinctiveness differs by level of management. Within Microsoft the key terms of planning management functions are vision, mission, objectives and goals. Planning requires a organized approach and an establishment of objectives. It starts with setting goals and objectives that can be achieved. Those objectives provide a underlying principle for a variety of tasks as well as designate course of efforts. Additionally those objectives also focus the attention of the managers on the final results wanted to be achieved. Objectives are the core to the planning process. Consequently, objectives should be stated in a obvious, accurate and unequivocal manner. Otherwise the tasks to be carried out are sure to be inadequate. The establishment of planning principles are the hypothesis about the profile of prospective events. They serve as a basis of planning. It assists in finding out the obstacles in the way of business throughout the course of the process. Planning principles may be or external or internal. Internal consist of asset investment plans, executive labor affairs, beliefs of management. While external includes political, social, and economical transformation. Internal principles are controllable while external are not controllable. To facilitate the management of Microsoft the company is run by a Board of Directors. This is a strategic form of planning that impacts the legal issues, ethics and corporate and social responsibility of the company. The committees include the Compensation Committee, which grants compensation for the CEO and supplementary employees of the corporation; the Governance and Nominating Committee, which takes care of an assortment of corporate matters as well as nomination of the board; the Finance Committee, which takes care of financial matters such as recommended unifications and acquirements; the Audit Committee, which takes care of accounting issues with the corporation together with reports and audits; and the Antitrust Compliance Committee, which puts forth efforts to put a stop to company practice from violating antitrust laws. Other aspects to the corporate configuration are there is a Executive Team, comprised of sixteen corporate officers around the world, which is in charge of a variety of duties including making sure staff understand Microsoft’s traditions of business. That team handles the worldwide matters. With planning being the primary function of management and what the other functions of management develop from, a manager can only organize and staff after strategies to obtain goals are in place. Microsoft management is accountable for and are evaluated on how they meet the organizational goals through the functional and competent use of their resources. They are evaluated by their performance in getting the goals obtained proficiently and successfully through their staff. Management is also evaluated on their decision-making abilities to put to use the four functions of management to achieve the organizational goals. There are different stages of management and within all of them the first function of management, the planning function, is involved. The three factors that influence Microsoft’s strategic, operational, and contingency planning are external and internal factors and environment. Strategic planning is one particular style of planning. Strategies are the result of strategic planning. Microsoft’s strategies classify its business, the criterion for entering the business, and the fundamental events that Microsoft will pursue in carrying out its business. Strategies are key plans that assign huge amounts of the company’s capital to projected events, intended to attain the main goals and objectives. Operational Planning views future as something that needs to be implemented now. This style of planning focuses on setting interim objectives. Takes on a larger amount of comprehensive planning regarding the way in which activities are to be achieved Now a solid contingency plan has a massive value for the organization and it responds to major changes in the environment. The development of a all-inclusive contingency plan completes an external and internal environmental study, evaluates vision, mission and objectives, and establishes strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Microsoft’s mission statement is clear as stated (2008) on the website, â€Å"As a company, and as individuals, we value integrity, honesty, openness, personal excellence, constructive self-criticism, continual self-improvement, and mutual respect. We are committed to our customers and partners and have a passion for technology. We take on big challenges, and pride ourselves on seeing them through. We hold ourselves accountable to our customers, shareholders, partners, and employees by honoring our commitments, providing results, and striving for the highest quality. Microsoft promotes a diverse, supportive, and dynamic work environment. Within the frame work of the relationships build amongst each other they strive to be open, honest and respectful with everyone’s ideas and thoughts and input. Microsoft encourages a diverse workforce at all levels of the corporation. It is in that belief system that creating a work environment that enables people to fully appreciate t he diverse talents that others have to offer leads to improved modernization and creativeness within the products and services that the corporation provides to the public. Microsoft also encourages a cooperative and fruitful work environment by supporting the cultural and ethnic diversity of its workforce. They are dedicated to providing equal employment opportunities to all employees and applicants that are qualified. Planning is a decision making function that involves innovative thinking and imagination that eventually leads to advance methods and function for growth and wealth of an organization. Microsoft’s planning begins with purpose of objectives. Microsoft has big corporations resources with a small corporations suppleness and heart. Every flourishing corporation has the ability to use its resources and power to make a positive impact on the world and its people and with the Microsoft corporation being one of the most prevalent and powerful companies in the private computer industry, it has proven without a shadow of a doubt that it has done just that. They draw attention to the purposes for which various activities are to be carried out. With this the planning help in focusing the attention of staff on the objectives or goals of the organization. Without planning Microsoft has no direction. It requires manager to prepare a outline of the course of action that are to be followed for all completion of objectives and consequently bringing organization and level-headedness into the company. The duty and principles to help people and realize the true potential is what sets the Microsoft corporation apart from the rest. How to cite Microsoft’s Management Planning, Essay examples

Reflection

Reflection-Leg Ulcers Essay Reflecting Writing Leg ulcers Reflecting on the situation that had taken place during my second placement working in the community. This will give me the perfect opportunity to develop and utilise my commutation skills in order to maintain the relationships with my patient. In this reflection, I am going to use Gibbs (1988) Reflective Cycle. This model is a recognised framework for my reflection. Gibbs (1988). Baird and Winter (2005,) give some reasons why reflection is require in the reflective practice. They state that a reflect is to generate the practice knowledge, assist an ability to adapt new situations, develop self-esteem and satisfaction as well as to value, develop and professionalizing practice. However, Siviter (2004) explain that reflection is about gaining self-confidence, identify when to improve, learning from own mistakes and behaviour, looking at other people perspectives, being self-aware and improving the future by learning the past. In my context with the patient, it is important for me to improve the nurse-patient relationship. In this relationship, there is a sense of trust and a mutual understanding exists between a nurse and a patient that build in a special link of the relationship (Harkreader and Hogan, 2004). (Peplau 1952, cited in Harkreader and Hogan 2004) note that a good contact in a relationship builds trust as well as would raise the patient’s self-esteem which could lead to new personal growth for the patient. Besides, (Ruesch 2007) mention the purpose of the therapeutic communication is to improve the patient’s ability to function. So in order to establish a nurse-patient interaction, a nurse must show up caring, sincerity, empathy and trustworthiness (Kathol, 2003). Those attitudes could be expressed by promoting the effective communication and relationships by the implementation of interpersonal skills. Johnson (2008) define the interpersonal skills is the total ability to communicate effectively with other people. In my reflective writing I will be discussing my development of relationship in the circumstance of the nurse-patient relationship using the interpersonal skills. My reflection is about one patient whom I code her as Mrs. Smith, not a real name to protect the confidentiality of patient’s information (NMC, 2009). In this paragraph I would describe on the event takes place and describe that event during my second placement. I was in the community for five weeks; Mrs. Smith is 85 years old and has a five-year history of chronic venous ulceration affecting her right leg. When I first met Mrs. Smith, her leg ulcer was treated with an alginate dressing and a four-layer compression bandaging system. In the previous six months, she had detected an offensive odour from her ulcer and this had stopped her mixing with other people. The odour had got worse in recent weeks to a point where she described it as unbearable. The ulcer had signs of infection including localised heat and erythema combined with a purulent discharge. The alginate did not absorb all the wound exudate and slight maceration was noted to the skin surrounding the wound. Mrs. Smith also experienced chronic pain from her leg ulcers and regularly took paracetamol. However, this did not reduce the pain associated with dressing changes. The nursing team decided to reassessment Mrs. Smith in order for effective wound healing to occur, a holistic approach to care needs to be implemented. This must include a comprehensive understanding of the wound-healing process and patients psychosocial needs. If all of a patients needs are met, the transition from ill health to health may proceed rapidly and more efficiently (Flanagan, 1997). The two areas of concern for Mrs. Smith were odour and pain associated with dressing changes and reducing these symptoms was more important to her than wound healing. Mrs. Smith had noticed that there was an odour coming from her legs, this meant that she no longer socialised with others because of the smell from her ulcers and avoided physical interaction where possible. Living with a leg ulcers wound is devastating (Hack, 2003). Van Toller (1994) noted that malodour associated with skin ulceration can lead to serious psychological problems, ranging from general depression to becoming a virtual social outcast. The community nurses had actively encouraged Mrs. Smith to re-establish social interactions with old friends. However, Young (2005) observed that patients can interpret this type of encouragement as a lack of understanding by nurses of the effect that their condition is having on their life. Wilkes et al (2003) conducted a qualitative study on the effect of malodour on nurses and found that adverse feelings such as nausea were common. However, nurses hide these emotions from their patients to protect the patients feelings. The community nurses decided that they needed to talk to Mrs. Smith about the odour and involve her in selecting a dressing product that was designed to alleviate or reduce the problem. Synthesis - Preserving Artifacts EssayThe fibres of the dressing absorb substantial volumes of wound exudate, forming a gel that is removed in one piece (Robinson, 2000). A comparative randomised study comparing alginates and hydrofibres demonstrated a significantly longer wear time for a hydrofibre than an alginate (Harding et al, 2001). The authors also found that 82% of people experienced no pain when a hydrofibre dressing was removed compared with 62% with the alginate, and the hydrofibre was less likely to adhere to the wound bed (Harding et al, 2001). A visual numerical ain scale using a 0-10 rating system was selected to assess pain as it is easy to use and analyse (Choiniere et al, 1990). Mrs. Smith completed the pain chart immediately after every dressing change for the first four weeks of the new treatment protocol and the progress of the ulcer was evaluated using the established wound assessment tool on a weekly basis. Mrs. Smith assessed her pain as eight with the algin ate dressing (severe pain) but, by the end of the first week of using the new dressing, she noted an immediate reduction in pain (score of six). There was no further change in pain severity in the second week. However, in the third week, Mrs. Smith noted a further reduction in pain (score of four) and it remained at this level until the completion of the fourth week. Conclusion After caring for Mrs. Smith for 5 weeks, I noticed a change in her attitude towards her dressing changes. She no longer feared them being changed, although she still continued to experience some pain, but she did not complain much. She is regaining her confidence and now attends the leg ulcer clinic twice a week where she socialises with other patients; this should help raise her self-esteem. his could also lead to new personal growth for Mrs. Smith so therefore she should start to feel well again. I hope Mrs. Smith legs continue to keep healing and she keeps up her socializing. References Briggs, E. et al (2002)Pain at Wound Dressing Changes: A Guide to Management. EWMA position document: Pain at Wound Dressing Changes. London: MEP. Choiniere, M. et al (1990) Comparisons between patients and nurses assessment of pa in and medication efficacy in severe burn injuries. Pain; 40: 2, 143-152. Clay, C. S. Chen, W. Y. J. (2005) Wound pain: the need for a more understanding approach. Journal of Wound Care; 14: 4, 181-184. de Laat, E. H. et al (2005) Pressure ulcers: diagnostics and interventions aimed at wound-related complaints: a review of the literature. Journal of Clinical Nursing; 14: 4, 464-472. Eichenbaum, H. (2002) Learning and memory: brain systems. In: Squire, L. R. et al (eds). Fundamental Neuroscience. San Diego, CA: Elsevier Science. Flanagan, H. (1997) Wound Management. London: Churchill Livingstone. Hack, A. 2003) Leg ulcers wounds taking the patients perspective into account. Journal of Wound Care; 12: 8, 319-321. Harding, K. G. et al (2001) Cost and dressing evaluation of hydrofiber and alignate dressings in the management of community-based patients with chronic leg ulceration. Wounds; 166: 229-236. Heenan, A. (1998) Frequently Asked Questions: Alginate Dressings. www. worldwidewoun ds. com/1998/june/Alginates-FAQ/alginates-questions. html. Krasner, D. (1995) The chronic wound pain experience. Ostomy Wound Management; 41, 3, 20-25. Moffat, C. J. et al (2002) Understanding Wound Pain and Trauma: An International Perspective. EWMA position document: Pain at Wound Dressing Changes. London: MEP. Robinson, B. J. (2000) The use of a hydrofibre dressing in wound management. Journal of Wound Care; 9: 1, 32-34. Thomas, S. et al (1998) Odour-absorbing dressings. Journal of Wound Care; 7: 5, 246-250. Thomas, S. (1997)SMTLDressings Datacard. www. dressings. org/Dressings/sorbsan. html. Thomas, S. (1990) Wound Management and Dressings. London: The Pharmaceutical Press. an Rijswijk, L. (1996) The fundamentals of wound assessment. Ostomy Wound Management; 42: 7, 40-42. Van Toller, S. (1994) Invisible wounds: the effects of skin ulcer malodours. Journal of Wound Care; 3: 2, 103-105. Wilkes, L. M. et al (2003) The hidden side of nursing: why caring for patients with malignant leg ulcers wounds is so difficult. Journal of Wound Care; 12: 2, 76-80. Young, C. V. (2005) The effects of leg ulcers fungating wounds on body image and q uality of life. Journal of Wound Care; 14: 8, 359-362. 1

Unique Crisis Response Strategies Relations â€Myassignmentrhelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Unique Crisis Response Strategies Relations? Answer: Introduction For the success of any business, it is necessary to evaluate the environmental factors. Evaluating the factors internal and external to the organization has a strong impact on the strategic processes and plan and can be a key determinant in the success of an organization. Once the leaders are able to identify the possible threats and opportunities present in the environment, the activities can be focused in the direction of achievement of strategic goals (Arthur, 2017). In this respect, the following report focuses on discussing the current strategic position of the company Softball Australia. A brief overview of the company has been provided at the beginning of the report along with its organizational structure, culture and leadership values. The report also includes a SWOT analysis and Porter's five force analysis to evaluate the internal and external factors present in the market. Overview of the Organization: Softball Australia Softball Australia is responsible for governing the softball sports in Australia. It is the governing body that comprises of eight member states which include both territories and states, clubs, associations, and all the individual members who are associated with the softball sports (Softball Australia, 2017). These individual members are those who are involved in coaching, playing, officiating or support the game in Australia. The sport was initially introduced in the year 1939 in NSW when Gordon Young, the NSWs Director of Physical Education, started promoting the game. However, it was introduced as an organized game in the year 1942 for the recreational purpose for the US nurses that were stationed in Melbourne (Nauright, 2012). Current Strategy of the Company The current strategy of the operations is focused to achieve its strategic goals by the end of 2020. The strategy of the organization is developed in five key areas which are discussed below: Developing and implementing a strategy that can be listened, communicated and has the capability to engage all the stakeholders and members- for this the organization is adopting alternatives that are concerned with the development of a website which is user-friendly and has a social media footprint. The organization has planned to visit almost every region in a calendar year and develop a system for effective communication and engagement of members. Developing a network of well managed and maintained facilities across the state- the organization is planning to devise a database that has information about all the facilities of places where the softball games have been held. It is also planning to design an asset management plan that would help in determining the true costs. Increase in the participation and development- the organization would be doing this by increasing its members to 5,000, the percentage of junior members to 30%, and coaches by 100% (Softball Western Australia, 2016). The alternatives adopted by the organization would be offering increased activities during calendar events and encouraging the associations to capitalize on the programs in schools, and programs like social 7s and batter up. Ensuring the sustainability of the softball by increasing the capacity and developing new partnerships across states. Organizational Structure, Culture and Leadership The organization follows a functional organizational structure where each portion of the association is grouped as per the purpose. The organization relies on the talent and capabilities of its employees. There are two levels at the top management, the senior most level is comprised of the organisations board of directors who are responsible for the strategy formulation and implementation. The next level consists of the organisations Chief Executing Officer (CEO). The next level is the middle management level which consists of different managers responsible for their departments. These managers are appointed for marketing function, sports development, my softball community, office, and handling events (Softball Australia, 2015). The lower level of management is comprised of various coordinators working in the departments, coaches, selectors, and various staff members (See Appendix 1). Softball Australia fosters a corporate culture of inclusivity where the focus is to make the sports popular among different communities. The organization ensures that the sport is culturally diverse, that is, people from different cultural backgrounds, gender, age groups, and abilities are involved in this sport, either in the form of playing, coaching, mentoring, administrating or promoting the sports. The leaders of the organization are the board of directors and CEO of the company who is responsible for determining and achieving the strategic goals for the organization. The current panel of the board of directors includes John Hollingsworth (also the chairman), Dennis Cullen, Annette Fidge, Helen Langenberg, Christine Heron, Peter Jon Hartshorne, Ron Gauci, and Fiona Crawford. The board of directors lead the organization and ensure that the sport is well managed and promoted across different states and at the time ensuring its sustainability (Softball Australia, 20171). Internal Analysis: SWOT The SWOT analysis is a tool used by the organisations to evaluate the internal environment. It stands for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (Sarsby, 2016). A SWOT analysis for the organization, Softball Australia has been presented in the following table. Strengths Knowledgeable and expert national coaches High performances Popularity of programs among people, such as community coaching program and softball batter up Engagement of all stakeholders (Softball Australia, 2012) Weaknesses High costs on participants Ageing state facility Opportunities Reintroduction in the Olympics for boosting the profile of the sport Uniting softball state-wide to allow wider communities to afford the game Capacity for facility building in terms of coaches and administrators Development of strong financial base that can be used to invest in the sports in future (Softball Australia, 2012) Threats Probability of reduction in the financial support provided by the government Preference given to other sports for recreational purpose Servicing only regional affiliates (Softball Western Australia, 2016) Analysis of the Strategic Direction On the analysis of the strategic plan of the organization, it is apparent that the organization is taking initiatives to further develop its scope in the states and ensuring its sustainability in the future. Most of its strategies developed for 2020 are focused on increasing its capacity, in terms of members, facilities, coaches, officials, and talent (Softball Western Australia, 2016). The emphasis of the organization is to develop a uniform strategy that can engage its stakeholders and members present across different states and promote the sports. The focus of these strategies lies in facilitating better communication among partners, increasing the facilities, better participation and development, development of talent and ensuring sustainability of softball. Industry and Competitive Analysis For analyzing the external environment Porter's five force model is used which measures the industry's attractiveness on the basis of five factors. These factors include the threat of substitutes, the threat of new entrants, industrial rivalry, bargaining power of buyers and bargaining power of suppliers (Porter, 2008). Industry Rivalry- as per Porters model, the main forces that determine the level of industrial rivalry are market maturity, high fixed costs, and competitors. The game was first played in the year 1939 and since then it has gained significant popularity (Softball Australia, 2017). However, in the current context, the other sports are gaining popularity, placing the softball game at a maturity stage (Softball Western Australia, 2016). The costs incurred on the members and participants are also high making the industry moderately attractive. Bargaining power of customers- the customers of the organization can be categorized into three, namely media outlets, fans, and corporations. Majority of the revenue comes from the fans who watch the games and league matches by buying tickets. The marketing outlets are responsible for bidding rights to broadcast the games and the corporations are involved with providing the sponsorships for different league teams. Considering all the customer groups, it is apparent that the power with the customers is high. Bargaining power of suppliers- the power of the players is determined on the factors like the interest of other teams in the player, player's performance, star power and free agent status. However, for the industry, the power of the suppliers is low except few exceptional players. The threat of substitutes- it is observed that the substitute products, that is, the other games played have a strong impact on the softball industry. Most of the fans are associated with softball due to the recreational purpose and are not die-hard fans, which signifies that they can easily switch to other sports they find interesting and entertaining. Moreover, with the introduction of new games, the threat of substitutes in this industry is very high. The threat of new entrants- even though, the organization is working for many years and has attained a league status, there are still possibilities for new entrants in the industry. However, it would be difficult for the new entrants to survive in the market due to high capital costs, brand reputation, and stiff competition from Softball Australia. Implications of the Internal and External Analysis It is observed that the national team is less preferred than the male-dominated sports played in Australia. It is apparent from the fact that the national team could not secure the same funding as that of male-dominated sports even after performing better in the international competitions (Stell, 1991). The major challenge faced by the industry is to provide equal opportunities for both men and women while playing softball. In the year 2005, the registered number of participants were recorded as 38,347 out of which 25,586 members were women. The encouragement by the state and federal governments and a vision of providing equal opportunities to all the talented players, professional sport of women is gaining importance. The impact of this is observed on the female athletes as they have a better opportunity to receive scholarships from Australian Institute of Sports (Commonwealth of Australia, 2006) Concept and Feasibility Benchmarking Against Other Leagues The benchmarking is related to establishment of the standards in the market place. The benchmarking against the other leagues can be established by making strong position in the market, become the league with the highest profit potential as well as defeating the other teams in the sports. The analysis of the threats for the future success of the leagues can help in maintaining the standards(Anderson, 2011). By winning the team oriented competitions, the benchmarking can be established against the other leagues as it will lead to achievements. The benchmarking provides with the profitability in terms of the achievement in the sports as well as in the financial performance(ISA, 2017). The enhanced performance of the league in context to the sports helps in establishing higher reputation in comparison to the other leagues. The set standards will influence the people as well(Nourayi, 2006). The other leagues will also try to match the stands in order to achieve the success. For this purp ose, it is essential for the league to maintain the benchmark. Market Position of Rivals The Softball Australia league faces severe competition from various sports league present in the market. A few of them are National Basketball League, Australian Ice Hockey League etc. The topmost position is acquired by the Basketball League of Australia. It was founded in 1979 and at present 8 teams contest for it out of which seven teams are from Australia and one is from New Zealand. There has been a considerable support of the NBL players to establish the league in Asian countries in the near future. In May 2016, the League began to set up their plans for establishing a team in China. This expansion plan is still into consideration. The players at NBL being at the top most positions receive a remuneration upto A$ 1,000,000(National Basketball League, 2017) . The Ice Hockey League of Australia is a popular league among other leagues of Ice hockey but the position of Ice Hockey league in Australia is restricted at its place and still needs to attain higher position. The players of AIHL are not paid for playing ice hockey but are given additional benefits like using the car, getting accommodation by the government. The potential plans of expansion of AIHL are towards Queensland by 2018 and Tasmania by 2020 (Ice Hockey Australia, 2017). Key Success Factors A sound organizational structure is required for developing a successful league. Such an organizational structure has a defined hierarchy and clearly defined organizational structure and positions. The employees have a clear sense of responsibility and competence and they fulfill them in the correct order and manner. Defined goal settings - Softball Australia has a defined Hierarchic goal system. It possesses a proper vision of the goals of the league and work in the direction of their achievement. Various departments of the league have their set department goals and each department works in the direction to fulfill them. For example - the under 19 softball league deals with the proper training and development of the under 19 team whereas the women's team has its own defined functions (schilaneck, 2005). Financing and controlling - Financing is handled by the cash flows and the contributions of the proprietor groups. Sponsoring of the acquisitions and inputs in the ticketing sales add to the finances of the league. The controlling system and processes are highly qualitative and narrow and comply with the goal settings. A controller is held in charge of all the financial transactions including sales and ticketing. Daily reports are handed over to the supervisors (Howard Crompton, 2002). Exterior communication system - A fully implemented Exterior communication systems are followed by the professional leagues which lead to their success. A properly implemented Customer identity conception including corporate communication and philosophy, corporate designing and behavior are maintained (Mueller Lashbrook, 2017). A worldwide PR strategy helps these leagues to reach heights of success. An efficient Image controlling, defined media contacts and management of relationships between media and the league are the factors contributing to the success (ToniBrucea TahliaTinib, 2008). Good Customer relations include a well maintained customer service and event management. An updated customer service database helps maintaining good relations and recognition among the customers. The management of the league events is maintained on a huge scale. It involves a tremendous pool of the event management companies to organize the large scale sports events. The media coverage makes it too large and creates a fuss in the market months before the leagues start. Human resource management is another powerful aspect of such successful professional leagues worldwide. The employees are attracted with a wide variety of materialistic and immaterialist incentives and rewards for them. The players get huge incentives apart from their fixed pays. These materialistic bonuses increase the efficient and the team spirit of the players and motivate them (Sports and HR, Talent |, 2017). The professional leagues follow an efficient method of leadership based on the communicative pattern. Department meetings are held on a regular basis and club meetings on a monthly basis. League Concept Sports leagues is the group of Sports team which compete against each other in a particular sport. The leagues may be for the amateurs who platy the sport for entertainment or the professionals which form a complex form of the league events. The players playing in the professional leagues get a huge sum of money and are hundreds in numbers. The professional leagues like AIHL, Softball Australia, and NBL Australia are very popular leagues. Their seasons end for several months and the media coverage is so humongous that it makes the league events quite popular all, over the world (Lentze, 1995). Organization and Governance of Sports Leagues There are several methods for the organization of the sports leagues. The teams competing in Sports leagues come from different cities or sometimes even the players of different countries are a part of it. Settlement of the rules of the league, selection of the umpires, the marketing strategies is al, the responsibilities of the organizers. The other challenges include collection of the sufficient revenues to make the league events run into profits (Noll, 2003). To maintain the efficiency in such events financing and controlling systems should be the perfect. Financing must be handled by the cash flows and the contributions of the proprietor groups. Sponsorship of the acquisitions and inputs of the ticketing sales contribute to the finances of the league. The governing process of leagues comes under the Government of the country under its sports department. The Sports departments fund the league events along with the financial support of the rich businessmen or the celebrities. These top profile people contribute by purchasing the teams and the players by auction. This gives money to the players and the event organization teams. The rules and regulations regarding the conflicts are designed by the Sports Departments of the respective countries (Rodriguez et al., 2007). The controlling system and its processes must qualitative and comply with the goal settings of the organizations organizing such events. A controller must be held in charge of all the financial services and transactions including ticketing and sales. Daily reports must be prepared and handed over to supervisors on a regular basis. Delivery of the Core Product The delivery of the product depends majorly on the level of the competition among the teams and on the business competition. The delivery of the product depends on the outcomes of the sports which eventually affects the consumers. The consumers identify their favorite teams. The winning team is more likely to become identifiable and the favorite of the consumers. Initially, league product was developed particularly for the fans that used to attend the games. But today there are various sources of the revenue that are available for the professional sports leagues and the core league product remains while at the same time, the different products are produced by league(Mason, 1999). In order to deliver the core product, the league is required to influence and attract the consumers and make its place in the market. It is essential for the league to use the marketing strategy in order to take the advantage of the potential markets. The one of the difficult task for the leagues is to sell the sports product to the consumers as the consumers are keener towards the sports products that are entertaining for them. The revenue is generated by the selling of the tickets of the league to the fans of the game and this is not provided with the importance by the leagues(Mason, 1999). Competition be formatted for strategic advantage The one of the valuable tools for the purpose of understanding the strengths, weaknesses, differences and the similarities of the market position of the rival companies is strategic group mapping. The close competitors are mainly in the nearby or same strategic group. The companies or the leagues which are in the distant strategic groups provides with minor or no threat(Umn.edu, 2017). The various strategic groups profit potential differs mainly because of the strengths and weaknesses in each of the market group position. The rivals who have higher profit potential are strongly positioned in the market and the rivals. The competitive pressure of the industry and the drivers of change majorly favor only some of the strategic groups and are unfavorable for the other strategic groups(Linton, 2017). Team ownership structure In the history of the sports league, only one type of ownership structure used to exist but in todays time, there are many types of ownership structure that exists in the sports leagues. For the success of the business and the league, it is essential to create a relatively passionate environment between the supporters of the league and should have the ability to convert a club into brand as well as should have the potential to generate the revenues. Above all, the foundation is the most important by which clubs are developed. The some of the leagues are able to achieve the success with the ownership of the fans(Savino, 2011). This strategy brings success but it also brings criticism of the supports with the public disclosure. The increase in the share provides the supporters with displeasure. The supporter ownership is successful for the some of the leagues and club(Rosner Shropshire, 2004). The one ownership model adopted by the league helps in operating the successful business. The one of the type of ownership structure includes the ownership of the clubs as well as operated by league. The clubs are organized independently. The owners as well as the ownership groups are the shareholders of the league. The ownership structure in which the league is owned by the owner group is operated by the owner group itself.(Savino, 2011). Home and away season vs event structure The events provide the sports benefits to the participants as well as provide the benefits related to the social, educational and cultural. The events are helpful in the promotion and the development of the sport. In Australia, the day carnival is hosted by Australia for the purpose to provide the opportunities to the young players of Australia as well as to attract the junior player towards the softball through the tournament(Softball Australia, 2017). The Waverly Easter carnival is conducted by the Waverly Softball Association for the purpose to attract the junior age player during the holidays of Easter annually. This provides the opportunities through the tournament to the teams and develops the young players for future(Littleleague, 2017). The master events of national as well as international level are hosted for the purpose to offer the physical activity in a festival and social environment. The softball has become the one of the sports in which people take the highest participation in master games(Softball Australia, 2017). The university events are hosted by the Australian University Sport. The various types of events are hosted by AUS. The participants should be enrolled in an educational institution for the diploma, degree or certificate course. The events of AUS offers friendly as well as competitive environment. The social program is also conducted during the event for the purpose to improve the experience of the participants (Softball Australia, 2017). References Anderson, T.R., 2011. Benchmarking In Sports. International Series in Operations Research Management Science, 71(1), pp.443-54. Arthur, L. 2017. The Implications of Environmental Analysis on Strategic Plan. [Online]. Available at: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/implications-environmental-analysis-strategic-plan-35303.html [Accessed on: 27 September 2017]. Commonwealth of Australia. 2006. Environment, Communications, Information Technology and the Arts References Committee. About time! Women in sport and recreation in Australia. [Online]. Available at: https://wwda.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/sportfr06.pdf [Accessed on: 27 September 2017]. Howard, D.R. Crompton, J.L., 2002. The growth and ?nancial status of professional sports in North America: insights for English soccer league? Taylor Francis Ltd. Ice Hockey Australia, 2017. 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[Online] Available at: https://www.sportsmanagementworldwide.com/courses/sports-marketing-communications [Accessed 2017]. National Basketball League, 2017. National Basketball League. [Online] Available at: https://www.nbl.com.au/ [Accessed 2017]. Nauright, J. 2012. Sports around the World: History, Culture, and Practice [4 volumes]: History, Culture, and Practice. Denver: ABC-CLIO. Noll, R.G., 2003. The Organization of Sports Leagues. Stanford University. Nourayi, M.M., 2006. Profitability in professional sports and benchmarking: the case of NBA franchises. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 13(3), pp.252-71. Porter, M.E. 2008. Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors. New York: Simon and Schuster. Rodriguez, P., Kessene, S. Garcia, J., 2007. Governance and competition in professional sports leagues. 1st ed. Universidad de Oviedo. Rosner, S. Shropshire, K.L., 2004. The Business of Sports. Jones Bartlett Learning. Sarsby, A. 2016. SWOT Analysis. Lulu.com. Savino, C., 2011. Ownership Structure Of Clubs In The MLS And Abroad. Vox Media Inc. schilaneck, M., 2005. Key Economic Success factors in professional Sporting Clubs. University of Bayreuth, Germany. Softball Australia. 2012. Annual Report. [Online]. Available at: https://websites.sportstg.com/get_file.cgi?id=3785526 [Accessed on: 27 September 2017]. Softball Australia. 2015. Softball Australia Organizational Structure. [Online]. Available at: https://assets.softball.org.au/dl/sal/Policies%20%20procedures/Organisational%20Structure/Organisational%20Chart%20Updated%20May%202015FINAL.pdf [Accessed on: 27 September 2017]. Softball Australia. 2017. History. [Online]. Available at: https://www.softball.org.au/about/ [Accessed on: 27 September 2017]. Softball Australia. 2017. Board of Directors. [Online]. Available at: https://www.softball.org.au/about/board-of-directors/ [Accessed on: 27 September 2017]. Softball Australia, 2017. Tours Events. [Online] Available at: https://www.softball.org.au/tours-events/ [Accessed 2017]. Softball Western Australia. 2016. Softball WA 2020 Strategy. [Online]. Accounting at: https://websites.sportstg.com/get_file.cgi?id=35764452 [Accessed on: 27 September 2017]. Sports and HR, Talent |, 2017. This Year's Final Four Proves The Value of "Well Placed" over "Top" Talent. [Online] Available at: https://www.hrcapitalist.com/sports_and_hr/ [Accessed 2017]. Stell, M. K. 1991. Half the Race, A history of Australian women in sport. North Ryde: Harper Collins ToniBrucea TahliaTinib, 2008. Unique crisis response strategies in sports public relations: Rugby league and the case for diversion. Public Relations Review, 34(2), pp.108-15.