'Foreign Policy on Pakistan-India Relation\r'

'An aggressive, liberal and a pro-active foreign policy makes way for better ties with the nations of the world. Predictably, the break acresishal scenario of mhoeastern Asia, calveicularly of the region encompassing the countries of Pakistan, India, Afghanistan, China, Iran, Nepal, Bangladesh and the Central Asian States is in entirely equivalentlihood to re master(prenominal) volatile in the lift future. Pakistan is a s paying backholder in the scenario and regional derangement is inadvertently going to expect a decelerating influence on the country highway to peace and progress.With Pakistan and Indians relation cosmos modify via the tools of negotiations ND diplomacy, it send away be judge that inter-regional cooperation volition be cat screamed. Thus, better ties mingled with the both closely signifi chamberpott neighbors in the region, Pakistan and India, symbolize enhanced cooperation in the sulphur Asian region on the whole. The archive sets out a card inal-faceted goal, Short-Term and long-run and bridges the proposed ascendents to the capitulum douses surrounded by Pakistan and India, with a road-map.Cotton is charged at RSI. 108/ kg; duty on the Dairy Products is from 40-60%, Garments atomic number 18 charged at RSI. 85/piece, factory farm Items at a responsibility of 35%. These rates be gener accomplice considered to be below the belt high. [It moldiness be menti unitaryd that Pakistanis high-quality products give care Cotton/Lawn Fabric and Bed houndns be in popular demand in the Indian markets] (g) Pakistani exporters complain that India crosss to coif country-specific Imitation Import Barriers in Pakistanis guinea pig, (h) India argues that these NTIS (Non- Tariff Barriers) ar the same for all of its business break openners, I) Pakistan itself does non vex a similar import regime.Indian exporters, then, put on to deal with less restrictions of product quality and specifications, O) In overbearing 2012, India lifted its dismiss on Pakistani businessperson to invest in India. Proposed final result: Trade betwixt Pakistan and India has the potential to cause US $ 10 Billionaire, thus: (a) Pakistan should rising slope its manufacturing industry and improve the value- addition servees of exportable items. Better-Quality products be more than likely to adopt greater access to the Indian markets, (b) Pakistani manufacturers and businessperson are at a disadvantage because Indian exporters deem less product restrictions in Pakistan while Pakistani exporters have to deal with strict product-quality specifications in India.Pakistan should regulate its import regime and swear better standards for the quality of import items, (c) Pakistan should exalt India to abide by the 3 drainage area trade agreements (signed in February 2012) and simplify the spare-time activity trade sine qua nons: †) Custom Documentation formalities, †) Tariff Structure, †) The whol e procedure of obtaining and renewing the business office of India Standards (IBIS) License, (d) Pakistan should in addition urge India to ease the requirement of agricultural permits ND auto licenses on imports glide slope from Pakistan, (e) State Bank of Pakistan and reliever Bank of India should open cross-border branches on the seat of mutual benefits, (f) Both countries should work towards the inauguration of the Nabob-Cockroach Route (in Kinds, Pakistan) as a feasible trade route, (g) Pakistan and India should finalize liberationists in the indorse Regime, including Multiple-Entry and Greater-Duration Visas for businessperson. Indian Home Ministry has agreed to loosen its previous stance that it giveing non allow relaxations in the business and civil visa regime, unless Pakistan takes action against the Iambi 6/11 terrorists], (h) Visa relaxations provide help Pakistani rice exporters in learning skilful expertise for rice cultivation. Pakistani automobile (sp ecifically tractor industry) and cement industry foundation have affectionate potential in Indian markets if Pakistani manufacturers give themselves visit India oft and explore the market of 1. 2 jillion throng, (I) The Economic Zone between Karts (Pakistan) and Amorists (India) should be established, O) Pakistan must go ahead with granting the MFC military localisation to India on 3 conditions: †) That Pakistan depart hold in a well-prepared ‘Sensitive List for items which cease non be import from India.This go out check off the safeguard of Pakistanis local industry, †) That India get out remunerate by reducing its ‘Sensitive List on items which can non be imported from Pakistan, including tariff relaxations on Pakistanis Textile, †) That India should lift its ban from Indian investors on investing in Pakistan. (II) SIR CREEK Out of all new(prenominal) symmetrical de lift offures between Pakistan and India, the Sir brook engagement can be evaluate to have a relatively quick solution. The resolving power of this gainsay can be utilize as an master(prenominal) Confidence-Building Measure to urinate on to solve different pending disputes. Sir Creek is a 96 km strip of pissing. It is do up of marshes which makes it peeing-logged for most of the year. It runs in the Ran of Ketch area.The Ran of Ketch area lies between the south of Kinds in Pakistan and the State of Gujarat in India. historical evidence (specifically the 1908 Imperial Gazetteer of India) all the way indicates that during the British Rule in India, the Ran of Ketch was part of Kinds. Later, when India was partitioned in 1947, Kinds became a part of Pakistan ( at that placefore Sir Creek also became a part of Pakistan). According to Paragraphs 9 and 10 of the ‘1914 Bombay answer (which was signed teen the presidential term of Bombay and the Ruler of Ketch), the ‘Green channel as indicated in the map clearly specifyd the bo undaries of Sir Creek and include the whole of it in Kinds.India therefore argued that from the practiced aspect, the ‘Green Line is non a leaping but Just an ‘indication of a boundary. India claimed that the boundary of Sir Creek lies manhandle into the water and that exactly half of Sir Creek is part of India. To validate this claim, India endorses the ‘Thales Principle. In 1965, Indian forces unfairly attempted to seize Sir Creek because India valued to establish its naval base n the Gulf of Ketch. As a result, India gained discipline off part of Sir Creek. When the prospect of important mineral resources (oil/gas) was discovered in the subsurface of Sir Creek, Pakistan and India became more serious about their individual claims.Both countries straightway realize that if they loose one kilometer of Sir Creek on ground, it would subsequently mean a loss of hundreds of true nautical miles of the resourceful economic zona at a lower place-water. Indians afoot(predicate) stance is that boundaries should first be marked under-water and fit to the under-water boundaries, the undercoat boundaries shall be demarcated. Pakistanis current stance is to first demarcate on the ground and then under-water. Pakistan pauperisms the bankers acceptance of the 1914 Bombay Resolution. Pakistan was go awayinging to involve worldwide arbitration because it believes it has a strong slickness. merely India continuously wanted to keep this issue bilateral.Proposed Solution-1914 Bombay Resolution: (a) Indians endorsement of ‘Thales Principle is non relevant in the type of Sir Creek because Sir Creek is water-logged and not navigable for most part of the year. The Thales Principle holds applicable provided for navigable areas. (b) The demarcation of land boundaries shall be make first. The demarcation of the under-water nautical boundaries will then follow. (c) Indians unreasonable telephone circuit that demarcation shall first b e done under-water will have to be countered. Hydrosphere from twain Pakistan and India have declared that environmental changes have occurred over the years and it is not manageable e genuinelymore to distinguish between territorial waters without demarcating the land area first. D) During the influence of demarcation, the ‘1991 Pakistan-India Agreement on Advance chance on Military Exercises, Maneuvers and Troop Movement will be strictly followed by virtually(prenominal) sides to run into peace along the coastline of Sir Creek. E) after(prenominal) demarcating Sir Creek, twain countries will submit their various(prenominal) boundary limits to the ‘Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLC). The CLC will consider and measure out the data submitted by each country. (f) Here, Pakistan will automatically have a stronger case because according to the rules of CLC, India can not nurture Sir Creek as a part of its continental shelf in the documents w hich it will submit to CLC. (g) 3 factors will that strengthen Pakistanis case. First, Sir Creek was a study water distributors of River Indus and Pakistan has an undisputed right over River Indus.Second, the ‘Green Line sh aver in the maps of 1914 Bombay Resolution clearly brings Sir Creek in Pakistanis territorial domain. Third, the track of Sir Creek terminates in Baden which is a zone in Pakistan. (h) Pakistanis claims are actually strong and it is very likely that the CLC will finally favor Pakistan. According to the United Nations dominion on the Law of the Sea (UNCLES), some(prenominal) countries are time-bound to resolve this dispute because unless this dispute is resolved, neither side will be eligible to exploit their respective(prenominal) liquid ecstasy Economic Zones in the sea. (Ill) PRISONERS The settlement of Sir Creek Dispute can be followed with some separate important Confidence-Building Measure. The area of Sir Creek is strong with fishermen.Sin ce territorial borders in water (and on land) are not properly marked, fishermen from both sides end up mistakenly violate into each others territorial waters. They are then arrested. The laws which are used by Pakistan and India to ordinate their seas and arrest these fishermen have not been conformed by UNCLES. Pakistani fishermen are arrested by India under the ‘Maritime Zones of India Acts, 1976 and 1981. India is a signatory of he UNCLES but its maritime zone acts do not conform to the United Nations radiation pattern on Law of the Seas (UNCLES). The Pakistan Maritime aegis Agency (AMPS) and the Indian Coast rubber (ICC) shall resume the negotiations which were called off after the Iambi attacks. These negotiations will reassure: a.That whenever Pakistani fishermen are detained in India, the Indian maritime agencies will instantly inform the Pakistani maritime agencies and frailty versa. B. That the ships and boats of the detained Pakistani fishermen will be hand over to the Pakistani maritime means by the Indian maritime agencies and viciousness versa. Two concrete steps can be taken: a. conjunction legal Commission on Prisoners, 2007: Recommendations of this Commission (which was accomplished by both governments and comprises of 4 sterling(prenominal) retired Judges from each side) must be given immediate consideration and implemented. This reefer commission (if adequately empowered) can nearly resolve the issue of prisoners. B.Agreement of Counselor Access, 2008: under this Agreement, prisoners (in both, Pakistan and India) must be provided access to a Counselor immediately after beingness arrested. The major role of the counselor is to self-assurance the nationality of the prisoner. This process, however, often gets delayed unnecessarily. Often, this delay is from the country to which the prisoner belongs. Interior/Home Ministries, distant/External Ministries and the High Commissions of Pakistan and India must therefore prom ptly strive to avoid any delays in the verification of the nationality of their respective citizens save in each others Jails. In June 2012, Pakistan released 311 Indian fishermen. There are 21 deaf, tame and mentally unstable Pakistani prisoners in Indian Jails. These prisoners have also spotless their sentences.The Indian Supreme Court is coking into the outlet of their release but it is encountering a rush of technical hurdles. Likewise, there are 18 Pakistani Prisoners of War (of 1965 and 1971) still in Indian jails. The next round of dialogue between the Foreign Ministers of the deuce countries is expected from September 7 to 9 (2012). There, the chase away of these 39 prisoners should be a travel by priority on Pakistanis agenda. If the Sir Creek issue is resolved, it be sustains a moral binding on both parties to simultaneously release tout ensemble those prisoners, who were arrested on the charges of ‘Mistaken Trespassing. THE WATER case Between the cardinal countries, it is India which is the upper-riparian state.And therefore, in this case it is India which is required to take sensible decisions to value our peace negotiations from untimely termination. [The Water ‘Issue must not be treated as a ‘Dispute because calling it a dispute will have its own repercussions. The solution is already in place in the form of ‘Indus Water accord, 1960 and only a re-interpretation of the treaty is required] The ISSUE: (a) sasss Indus Water Treaty gave 3 western rivers to Pakistan. India was allowed to use some water from these 3 rivers beforehand they infix into Pakistan. B) India was permitted to use the water for hydrophone generation. The condition was that Indian usage must not diversify the natural timing of scat and the mensuration of these waters as they enter Pakistan. C) With Indian hydrophone abides, the only concern for Pakistan is the timing of flow because hydrophone does not ‘consume water so the measu rement remains unaltered. The timing of the flow is critically important for agriculture in Pakistan. (d) In the 1960 Treaty, India was only allowed limited water storage. This was utilize to all the dams which India will build on Jelled and Chance. E) The line of work began with the installation of ‘ bodily gates. India was allowed to install these gates to flush out the silt/waste (coming from glaciers), but India began development it to unfairly ‘stop and unfairly ‘release water into Pakistan. (f) The problem will get more skanky when India will complete the construction of Bursar Dam, Shanghaiing Dam, dispassionate Dam, Kowalski Dam, Deal Hustle Dam.In case India decides to go for ‘Cumulative Storage or ‘Cumulative Release of water from these dams, Pakistan will be completely under attack(predicate) to mass destruction (which was allegedly the case with the 2010 floods). Words of John Brioche (World Banks Senior Water Advisor and Neutral Exper t on Baggier Dam case) must be cited for write : He says, â€Å"A Journalist follower in Delhi told me that the Indus Treaty is considered an integral part of Kashmir and when it coiffures to Kashmir, the Indian Ministry of External Affairs instructs newspapers on what they can and cannot say, and often tells them explicitly what it is they are to say”. Proposed Solution-Negotiations and Negotiations: Pakistan will have to diplomaticalally assert the right amount of squelch on India for the re-interpretation of the 1960 Indus Water Treaty. decently amount of twinge on India can be exerted by Pakistan in the form of legal hurdles and calls for world-wide arbitration for Indian power projects being built on rivers Jelled and Chance. If the two countries can keep ego aside, there can be numerous ship canal in which the 1960 Treaty can be implemented to benefit both sides. A Joint monitoring system can also be formulated to ensure timely discharge of water from India to Pak istan. But this is only possible when traffic are more cordial and more trust has been developed on both sides. In fact, India has the potential to ‘increase this flow during difficult lay seasons n Pakistan. This is not an unrealistic suggestion.India does have this potential and can do it without effecting its own power generation. But focuses, this can only be made possible when relations between both countries are friendlier. Joint Power stomachs (a) Indians power outage of 31st July 2012 bear on 670 Million Indian citizens, and has considerably cut the Foreign Direct Investment coming to India. (b) This scenario can trigger further collaborations and can get India on board for the Iran-Pakistan gasolene pedigree upchuck. (c) USA is particularly arouse to normalize relations between Pakistan and India so hat Pakistan can retreat its forces from its east border and redeploy them on the western sandwich borders along Afghanistan. D) On the other hand, wherefore In dia is disinclined to rejoin the Iran-Pakistan bollocks up occupation Project (which was called Iran-Pakistan-India Gas Pipeline Project until India backed of is because India is a close ally of the USA and the USA did not want India to be a part of this project because of its own concerns with Irans nuclear program. (e) But now, Pakistan can seek an advantage from USA. (f) Pakistan shall diplomatically take on this to America that the Iran-Pakistan Gas Pipeline Project is very essential, not only to speech the acute power shortage in both Pakistan and India but also very specifically to enhance developmentalcollaboration between the two countries. (g) later on this, it will be Americas call to realize that it must not continue to become an unfair act uponer between Pakistan and India. Assuming that USA decides to stop exerting pressure on India, it will then merely be Indians decision whether or not to pursue the Iran-Pakistan Gas Pipeline Project. H) After the episode of I ndians biggest power failure (dated July 31 , 2012), chances are hat India will now be willing to resume duologue on the IP Gas Pipeline Project. (I) Also, India aspires to become the regional power-house of South Asia and in the long term, it aspires to out-do China in this quest. If India real aspires to become the regional power, it should start performing like one and must play its part in enhancing regional collaborations. This, is some other reason why India should be more willing to pursue the IP Gas Pipeline Project. KASHMIR Kashmir bearing: In the address of Mir WAIS Muar Faro ( hot seat all(prenominal) Parties Hurray Conference), â€Å"Kashmir is not a bilateral issue between Pakistan and India, but a trilateral one which also involves the passel of Kashmir”.SELF Momma Kashmir Liberation battlefront) Chairman Yaks Mali believes that the survival of a deep obturate (that is, to freeze out the motion in its current position for a few years before relations become stronger between Pakistan and India) is not feasible, without stopping the Indian operation in the Indian-occupied Kashmir. India can not afford to ‘deep-freeze the matter because of the suspicion that the freedom movement will take over as concisely as the Indian operation is stopped. Three-e-Hurray Chairman Seed All Shah Gelling strongly powers Kashmir ‘Right of Self- finis and purports Kashmir alliance with Pakistan. However, he once utter: â€Å"Pakistan has morally, diplomatically and politically supported the fight of the passel of Jam & Kashmir, but this does not mean Pakistan can take a decision on our behalf”.APPC (All Parties Hurray Conference) Chairman Miramar Muar Faro demands: a) ‘ build up Forces Special Powers Act (PAPPAS, 1990) shall be repealed (UN has called it ‘A Violation of International Law and has asked India to overthrow it), b) Indian troops shall be pull back from populated areas of the Valley, c) Politica l Detainees shall be leased, if India wants a peaceful resolution of the dispute. International corporation Stance: The International Community wants to resolve the dispute of Kashmir because it sees it as a little terror to regional stability in South Asia if two nuclear states, Pakistan and India, are concern in such a stress dispute and are not winsome in economic collaborations with each other.Indians Stance: India has a two-fold agenda on Kashmir: a) pass out that unrest in Kashmir is basically ‘Pakistanis representative War and Pakistan is logistically supporting the Kashmir Freedom Fighters, ) Make the Line of Control (LoC) the foreign border between Pakistan and India. India is intelligently floating the LoC-Solution in the external community; U. S and U. K are also supporting Indians stance as the ultimate solution for Kashmir. By proposing the LoC-Solution, India is suggesting that both Pakistan and India should enjoy sovereignty over their respective part o f Kashmir and that the Kashmir multitude can be allowed to travel between both separate more freely.Proposed Solution-plebiscite: (l) If Pakistan wishes to avoid the situation in which the International Community egging exercising diplomatic pressure on Pakistan to accept the Indian formula to settle the Kashmir Dispute, it must come up with more realistic alternatives that take into consideration the popular demands of the people of Kashmir. (II) Pakistan believes that the main issue is not the territorial control of the land of Kashmir but the ‘right of self-determination of the Kashmir people. Pakistan should continue to advocate this stance. (Ill) Pakistan should use the global forums to remind its transnational partners that Indian forces deployed in Kashmir, are violating the very basic human rights by visualize in acts of rape and child molestation. ‘V) Pakistan should also use the global forums to remind its international partners that so far, the Indian Gover nment has been unable to get any political set-up evaluate by the Kashmir people. (V) Pakistan should reiterate its support for the All Parties Hurray Conference (APPC) as the most braggart(a) representation of the Kashmir people. Pakistan should also remind the international community that the APPC comprises not only of Moslem fundamentalists but also of liberal and advanced factions like Jam Kashmir Liberation Front GOLF) and the Miami Action Committee. VI) Pakistan strongly condemns Indians accusations that the Kashmir freedom struggle is sponsored by Pakistan.In order to counter these allegations, we invite Indians consent on requesting the United Nations to deploy more international observers along the Line of Control. (VI) Pakistan should counter Indians LoC-Solution by terming it a ‘military solution which does not serve the aim of the freedom movement. Pakistan believes that even after LoC is made the international border between Pakistan and India, the Kashmir people will not stop their freedom struggle. (VI”) Series of Bilateral & Trilateral dialog: Pakistan should be proactive in the current on-going negotiations between Islamabad and Delhi and should diplomatically ensure that these negotiation do not come to any momentary halts.Pakistan believes that time is of sum and the bilateral dialogue with India should not be allowed to be influenced and stopped by other factors that govern the relation between the two countries. (a) Pakistan would like to begin the Series with Secretary-Level dialog between the Foreign Secretaries, and then, the Defense Secretaries of the two countries. (b) The Indian Government shall commit to freeze the military operation in the unanticipated Kashmir for the duration of this Series. (c) The next level of talks will include the Political leadership (Government + Opposition) of Pakistan, of India and of Kashmir. (d) To ensure the true representation of the people of Kashmir, an election shall be conducted under international monitoring, to choose the political leadership from all states of Jam & Kashmir.This political leadership will then represent the territory at the negotiation table. (e) Pakistan strictly reaffirms that it will patently not entertain any third-party other than the United Nations, for the role of a intermediary between Pakistan and India. In the unlikely scenario that India proposes to invite the U. S on board as the thirdly, Pakistan will rule it out by proposing the name of China. Pakistanis argument is that the U. S is not a neutral choice because it already favors Indians LoC-Solution on the matter and has greater strategical interests with India. China, on the other hand, is the regional power-house and is a greater share-holder in South Asia.Chances are, that India will not agree to the name of China. Eventually, in case of a deadlock, both parties will retreat to the name of United Nations] (XX) Pakistanis principal stance is to vive the Right of Self Determination to Kashmir people via a Plebiscite. This stance will be achieved by implementing UN Resolution 47, according to which: (a) Pakistan will drop off its nationals (if any) from Kashmir, (b) India will withdraw the excessive military personals from Kashmir, (c) UN observers will be deployed to ensure that withdrawal from both sides, is of a reasonable proportion, (d) Once the withdrawal process is completed, the ‘Owen Dixon Model will be adopted.This model divides Kashmir into 2 zones: †) Kashmir Valley + Muslim Areas of Jam + Muslim Areas of die hard + Muslim Areas of Cargill, †) Remaining Districts of Jam, Ladder and Lee. (e) Once the Owen Dixon Model is adopted, Plebiscite can be conducted under United Nations trusted supervision. The people will vote either in favor of Pakistan or India, (f) A third option of ‘Complete Independence can be included in the Plebiscite. [This option is favored by some Kashmir freedom parties, like Man ually Khans SELF. However, both Pakistan and India are reluctant about the inclusion of this option because that will ignite demands of independence from various areas in spite of appearance India\r\n'