The Psychological Effects of Change Management

The Psychological Effects of throw ManagementAn shaping is a system of interacting subsystems and components doctor within wider systems and milieus which put up inputs to the system and which receive its outputs (Senior, 2002, p.5). That is why each giving medication affects the system entirely is creation modified by the latter as comfortably. According to Armstrong (2009, p.404), as there is no such primeic as motifl organization the spay is vital. The author argues that by facing each problem, the organisation should be modified in order to achieve the best fit in the midst of the structure and the circumstances (2009, p. 405). On the early(a) hand, an organization has unlike components such as employees which are the essential assets for a company, highly belike they leave be affect from the throw care of the organization in different itinerarys. in that location is no doubt that the most important impact is the psychological one for the employees which is considered as resistance to the bare-assed management system. These set up should be managed carefully in order to facilitate the transplant shape.Contrary to those who believe that depart can only be successful through coercive measures, this paper argues that interpolate must be implemented through a positive approach which consists of a dialogue process with employees. The communication and the intromission of the variety management externalize result allow employees to express their thoughts and feelings about it. Because their response is taken into account, they get out feel pop out of the alteration process, and they forget be to a greater extent likely to adapt to a given up change. This, at the end, depart ease the performance of change, and go forth help the company to finalize this process in a much peaceful and successful mode. Firstly, the concept of change management concept will be explained briefly. Secondly, the concept of resistance and the ps ychological effects on the employees such as shock of the fresh, inconvenience, fear of adversity will be discussed, and finally, the mitigation methods which depend on the choice of change management programme will be enumerated such as communication, presentation of the change management plan, and bargaining which will be discussed with their effects.THE fancy OF CHANGE MANAGEMENTThe change management is the appearance of dealing with a attainable change process since that every company should be ready for a potential modification in the system in order not to be effected by it in a negative way. The concept is delimitate by Armstrong such as the process of achieving the smooth implementation of change by planning and introducing it systematically, winning into account the likelihood of it being resisted (2009, p.424). Although the change is the only thing that stays constant in the organization (Armstrong, 2009, p.424), and that is the reason why the change management has a vital place in the organizational life. Change starts with a need of modification in the system and happens during a process. Even though nothing disturbs the organizational life, change will happen in a range of time (Senior, 2002). The reason why the change emerges can be internal or outside(a). The former consists of a revision of the administration, redesign of group jobs, external incidentors can be either social-cultural or political (Senior, 2002, p.5). There exist three types of change strategical change which is a long term modification, operational change which is related to a change of a part of an organisation and transformational change which affects dramatically the structure, the process and behaviours of the organization (Armstrong, 2009, p.425). In either way a change management programme is highly required to companies.There is a variety of change programmes, and everyone has its confess approach, but vanadium characteristics are common between these check to Binney and Williams vision, telling people what that vision is, top management determination, planning and programming and adopting the best practice (2005. p.296). The management process aims success by fall the resistance against the change.The PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACTS OF THE CHANGE MANAGEMENTThe change management has psychological effects on employees because of the fact that every modification creates a resistance to the organization. As the former will create a new system for them, it can be said that every change management programme is the change itself. As psychological impacts, shock of the new (Armstrong, 2009, p. 431) can be cited, it means that employees will go through a process that they do not know, and they are afraid of it since it is unknown the new situation will be distinct from the routine. There is also inconvenience (Armstrong, 2009, p.431) because they may think that their life may be more difficult than the previous one.Moreover, the change causes econom ic fears and uncertainty of the new situation and the latter symbolises a holy terror to interpersonal relationships that they build during their former organizational life. The new system will probably bring new rules, and they will need to integrate themselves to the new procedures as to Steers and Black, they may doubt about their competences and they may come a fear of failure (1994, p. 669). Furthermore, it is also the fact that group norms and role prescriptions can be changed and their post may not be the analogous as the former. As it has been enumerated before, the employees will face a different aspect of their own organization, their habit and their group norms will change and there will be seven-fold effects on their psychology. That is the reason why employees will show some kind of a reaction called individual resistance (Steers, Black, 1994, p. 668) to the implication of the change management. The resistance can even cause the failure of the implementation since employees are the most important assets of the organization.The psychological impact has been covered of five stages by Carnall (1990), which can be helpful to understand the resistances change. These five rates are general ones which employees pass through during the process of change. The first stage is denial (1999, p.211) where the employee does not admit that he inescapably a change in the organization and tries not to accept any changes with a disbelieve to his employers. Carnall argues that it is a warning period and there will be no decrease of performance. The second stage is the defence(1999, p.212) where the employee gets the new position or the new environment but does not want to do it and find excuses related to the new situation. The third one is discarding (1999, p. 212) when employee starts to let go the past, and starts to getting use to the new procedure. This is where employee accepts that the change was inevitable (1999, p.213). Stage four is adaptation (1999 , p. 213) where the integration of the employee is realized and everything works according to the plan. The last one is the internalization where the new change management plan has been became a normal one (1999, p.214) it is the phase where the normalization of the behaviour occurred.The MITIGATION of THE PSYCOLOGICAL IMPACTSThe psychological impact should be mitigated in order to realize the change management aimed. Human element is the prime benchmark at this situation, it means that every effort must be made according to the interests of those who have been affected by change (Senior, 2002). Mitigation will help to make the employees accept the change management more easily and adapt them to the new sturucture that they are willing to face. It should be underlined that the mitigation effect depend on the change management nature that has been chosen by the administration.Overcoming the psychological effects can be through in multiple ways, the best is to present the change man agement programme to the employees and try to get them into the despatch in order to reach a smash level of integration. The communication is essential at this point (Armstrong, 2009), it does not mean that the employee will have influence on the change, but at least they will be able to predict their future, which will bring the decrease of the fear that they feel. It is not necessarily an energetic interlocking of employees, but an explanation of the reasons why the company choose to make a modification on the current model of management, and its plan in order not to make frighten employees.Every affects that will be faced depend on the introducing method it may make people a part of the plan and will push them to collaborate with the company. After communication process, the company should also identify the possible fears and their reasons, and after, the administration should find ways to resolve the problems which may occur during the process (Armstrong, 2009). This kind of an attitude will not only help the integration of the employees to the new system but also will provide more credit to current the administration. On the other hand this communication phase can be done as participation to the decision making. The administration can listen to the employees carefully and take them idea as well for understanding in a better way their point about the change (Beech, Kenna, 2008, p. 95). In that case alienation of employees to the change will be less.The company could choose a step forward of communication bargaining. In that case the employee is having a role in the process. Thurlys model is a well example, this plan has five steps as directive, bargaining, heart and minds, analytical approach and action based. In this case, the change management is imposed to the employees by the management power at first, but then the process is negotiated between the employee and the employer which will help the administration to understand the possible psychological effects of the change, and modify the plan according to it. A brain storming is being done and the management power will find the best way to adapt the new system. In that model the employee is not only a part of the plan but also is facing the administration which will give the feeling of importance to the employee. Moreover, Beech and Kenna share the same idea, according to them when the administration choose a bargaining method (2008, p.95) the company can attract more people to collaborate in an easy way and employees who had been helped the administration can have a better position in the change management process. Furthermore, training and skill development programmes (Beech, Kenna, 2008) can be used in order to decrease the psychological impacts as fear of failure or inconvenience.On the other hand, the physiological effects can be managed by coercion (direct threat), manipulation, withholding negative data (Beech, Kenna, 2008, p. 95). There is no doubt that the administrati on will show it force on the employees by these methods but is should be underlined that the fear will be more in long term, and additionally the employees will lose their gourmandize to the administration. Beer et Al argue that people can adopt to a new organizational system and the change should be done in a sharply way but showing the overcome is unceasingly a better way, since the behaviour and conscience are related to each other (Armstrong, 2009, p. 428), and more the employee will see the outcome, the more he will adapt itself to the new situation.CONCLUSIONAs a conclusion, change for every company is a must since it is interrelated to the system and because of the inputs and outputs, change becomes inevitable. Every organization needs to have a change management plan for being prepared to a new organizational system. There are multiple change management programmes their common point is their aim which is to decrease the effects of change. Additionally, to every plan there will be a resistance it is result of fear, prejudice, anxiety and ignorance (Calmon, Paton, 1992, p. 9) the change management plan has psychological impacts on employees such as shock, inconvenience, fear of failure. They live it in five stages as denial, defence, discarding, adaptation, internalization according to Carnall. The psychological effects can be mitigated by communication, participation of the employees to the management plan and bargaining. On the other hand coercion can be a way as well, but the best way is to handle the process by a positive way because of the fact that the employee is the most important asset of the company moreover the programme will be more efficient, and easy to adapt.